2/20/2023 0 Comments The himalayan monal![]() The overall abundance of monal was estimated about 171.58 ☑0.2 in the study area with an average density of 0.62/ km 2. However, in the null model, the site occupancy estimated was found to be 0.82☐.08 and with detection probability 0.23☐.03. The observed naïve occupancy of Himalayan Monal was 0.69 in the study area, which was slightly lower than the estimated occupancy. The top model showed that occupancy probability of Himalayan monal was positively influenced by the slope (β =27.52 ☑6.25) and negatively influenced by Reserve Forest (RF) (β= −8.14 SE ± 4.99). The occupancy and detection probability was modelled using the habitat variables. ![]() We installed a total of 69 camera traps (2819 trap nights) and surveyed 54 trails (650 km) which represents entire habitat and topographic variability of the landscape. We used camera traps and conventional sign surveys for documenting the species during 2018-2019. Hence, through the present study, we have assessed the abundance and occupancy of Himalayan monal in Uttarkashi district (Uttarakhand). The information on species distribution and its abundance is lacking in many areas which are vital for conservation and management planning. Its population is declining in many areas due to various anthropogenic threats. 2016.The Himalayan Monal is a conservation priority species in its entire distribution range. The legal status of this species in Nepal is Protected (Appendix I) under the National Parks and Wildlife Conservation Act 1973 and Appendix I in CITES law.įor more Information:- Inskipp et al. The bird is Least Concern (LC) according to IUCN Global Red list category but the regional IUCN status is Near Threatened (NT) for Nepal. The world population is unknown but the Nepal population is estimated between 35 individuals. Hunting and trapping by shepherds and poachers during and after monsoon cannot be ignored. The main threats to the species arise from hunting and trapping for local consumption especially during winter, when the bird descends to lower altitudes, closer to human habitations. This bird is reported from all Himalayan protected areas: Makalu Barun, Sagarmatha, Langtang, Shey Phoksundo, Khaptad and Rara National Parks Dhorpatan Hunting Reserve Kanchenjungha, Gaurishankar, Manaslu, Annapurna and Api Nampa Conservation Areas. In Nepal it is fairly common widespread resident subject to vertical movements between from 3300-4750m in summer and down to 2500m in winter. Himalayan Monal is native to Pakistan, India, Nepal, Bhutan, China and Myanmar. The nest is a simple scrape, often under the shelter of a bush, a rock, or in the hole of some large tree. Incubation period is 28 days (but some time 26-29 days). Eggs are laid in rudimentary nests on ground during May-June, generally under boulders and are 4-6 (sometime 2-3) in number. The bird is usually seen digging for tubers and roots, which seem to form their main diet in addition to grass roots and seeds, berries, mosses, insects and grubs. ![]() Terrestrial insects and tubers forms are the chief food. A dozen of cocks can be seen digging under the trees and open lands in the early morning. It digs for tubers with powerful bill, often remaining in one spot for half an hour or more. When flushed, the birds take to wing emitting a loud call sounding like pi-pi-pi. The bird is usually quite shy and flushes at a considerable distance. The species is reported to be polygamous males can be seen with more than one female. ![]() The species prefers alpine and sub-alpine areas in steep grassy and open rocky slopes and the adjacent forest during summer and descends to lower altitudes in rhododendron forest during winter, especially in times of heavy snow fall. Himalayan Monal / Impeyan Pheasant ( Lophophorus impejanus) belongs to Galliformes order and Phasianidae family. ![]()
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